Test Preparation on NDA and IAS General Studies For Prelims Paper-4

(b) National Animal Disease Control Programme for Foot
and Mouth Disease and Brucellosis is a 100% centrally
funded programme. It aims to control Foot and Mouth
Disease and Brucellosis by 2025 with vaccination and
eventual eradication by 2030.

(c) The Northeast region of India comprising of the
states of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya,
Manipur, Tripura, Mizoram, Nagaland and Sikkim
can be physiographically categorized into the Eastern
Himalayas, Northeast hills (Patkai-Naga Hills and
Lushai Hills) and the Brahmaputra and Barak Valley
plains. At the confluence of the Indo-Malayan,
Indo-Chinese and Indian biogeographical realms,
the NE region is unique in providing a profusion of
habitats, which features diverse biota with a high
level of endemism. The region is also the abode of
approximately 225 tribes in India, out of 450 in
the country, the culture and customs of which have
an important role in understanding biodiversity
conservation and management issues.

(b) In a biodigester, the organic wastes are converted
into methane and water with the help of different
microorganisms under anaerobic conditions.

(b) Venture capital is a long term start-up capital provided
to new entrepreneurs.
– Venture capital is financing that investors provide
to start up companies and small business that are
believed to have long-term growth potential.
– Venture capital generally comes from well-off investors,
investment banks and any other financial
institutions.
– However it does not always take just a monetary
form; it can be provided in the form of technical
or managerial expertise.
Source: The Hindu

(a) The concept and practice of raga, according to
scholars, matured by the fifth century A.D. Raga is a
series of five or more notes, upon which a melody is
based. Ragas were recognised named on the basis of
several factors, classified and defined.
Talas are rhythmic cycles. They have a universal unity,
besides being quite complicated.

(d) The main cause of the loss of biodiversity can be
attributed to the influence of human beings on the
world’s ecosystem, In fact human beings have deeply
altered the environment, and have modified the
territory, exploiting the species directly, for example
by fishing and hunting, changing the biogeochemical
cycles and transferring species from one area to
another of the Planet.

(a) Rivers affect salinity only at areas where they enter
sea and not the whole of it.

(c) Both the Statements (1) and (2) given in the question
are correct. The objective of the project is to improve
livelihoods of the poor, especially that of women and
the disadvantaged people in the project area. The
identification of districts for the project was done, by
the State Governments based on social and economic
backwardness.

(b) Project elephant is a centrally sponsored scheme
launched in February 1992. The scheme helps and
assists in the management and protection of elephants
to the States having free-ranging populations of wild
elephants, in order to ensure the survival of elephant
population in the wild and protection of elephant
habitat and elephant corridor

(d) The legislature in parliamentary system ensures
executive accountability at various stages: policy 

making, implementation of law or policy during and
post-implementation stage.
The legislature does this through the use of a variety
of devices:
– Deliberation and discussion
– Approval or Refusal of laws
– Financial Control
– No Confidence Motion
– Question Hour.
– Zero Hour
– Adjournment motion
– The most powerful weapon that enables the
parliament to ensure executive accountability is the
no-confidence motion.