<\/span><\/h4>\nWhen harmful changes occur in the environment, it affects living beings such as plants and animals. The substances which cause these changes are known as a \u2018pollutants.\u2019 Pollutants exist in all states of matter, including solid, liquid, and gas. Humans produce pollutants when they set up industries or factories and release waste byproducts into the environment. Pollutants are degradable, meaning that the various natural processes that occur in the surroundings tend to break them down. However, other pollutants degrade at a slower rate and hence, remain in the surroundings for more extended periods, adversely affecting living creatures.<\/p>\n
For instance, substances like plastic and metal are non-degradable and thus, lie around in the environment causing more damage.<\/p>\n
Pollution is of two types. The first type, called Natural Pollution comes from natural sources such as volcanic eruptions. And the second type, also known as human-made pollution, is the result of human activities.<\/p>\n
The atmosphere can also become polluted due to the release of oxides of carbon such as carbon monoxide.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Environment<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nThe four different layers of the environment include the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere. The atmosphere is further sub-divided into five layers. They are the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Types of Pollutants<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nWhile pollutants come in both biodegradable and non-biodegradable forms, they also form depending on their occurrence and existence. So, you have naturally occurred, and human-made pollutants also called primary and secondary pollutants.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Air Pollution<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nNitrogen and Oxygen constitute the major components of the air that surrounds us. And other gases such as Argon and Carbon Dioxide make up the minor elements. Among these constituents, the oxides of Carbon, Nitrogen, and Sulphur are the primary causes of air pollution. Apart from these, other gases such as Ozone, CFC, different metals, hydrocarbons, smog, dust, and other pollutants also cause air pollution.<\/p>\n
The significant effects of air pollution include acid rain, depletion of the ozone layer, and global warming.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Acid Rain<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nThe acids of Nitrogen and Sulphur formed by the oxidation of the two elements is the primary cause of acid rain. Acid rains tend to occur more in industrial areas rather than in other areas and affect buildings, reducing their lifespans. They also have detrimental effects on the soil.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Depletion of the Ozone Layer<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nThe release of chlorofluorocarbons or CFC is the primary cause for the depletion of the ozone layer that covers the earth and protects it from the harmful ultraviolet radiations. Ultraviolet radiations affect the photosynthesis process that takes place in plants.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Global Warming<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nGlobal warming is the effect of the release of gases like the oxides of carbon into the atmosphere. Due to industrialization and deforestation, the amount of carbon dioxide let out is increasing by the day. Global warming leads to the melting of ice caps, causing floods, rains, cyclones, and hurricanes, among other things. If not controlled, it is bound to affect agricultural production.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Benefits of Chapter 14 NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chemistry\u00a0<\/strong>Chapter 14 Environmental Chemistry<\/span><\/h2>\nThere are hundreds of benefits of going over NCERT solutions for Chemistry, especially for a chapter like Environmental Chemistry. You will find such benefits in the section that follows.<\/p>\n
<\/span>1. <\/strong>Overall Understanding of the Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 14<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nBy going through NCERT solutions, you will be thorough with the different concepts in the chapter.<\/p>\n
<\/span>2. <\/strong>Get to Know Probable Questions<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nGoing over NCERT solutions will not only help you to become thorough with the concepts but also lets you know the kind of questions to expect in the exams.<\/p>\n
<\/span>3. <\/strong>Get Adequate Practice<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nBy solving the exercise questions at the end of the chapter, you will get enough practice and confidence to face the exams.<\/p>\n
<\/span>4. <\/strong>Improves Speed and Accuracy<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nSolving exercise questions will help you to write answers in a faster and more effective way. NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 14, teaches students the importance of the environment that surrounds us. It also tells you about the effects of pollution and global warming and how to control them. So, by going through the solutions and practicing writing answers to the questions at the end of the chapter, you can come out in flying colors.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Access NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 14<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/span>Question 1. Define environmental chemistry?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nAnswer:<\/strong>\u00a0Environmental Chemistry is the branch of science which deals with the chemical changes in the environment. It includes our surroundings such as air, water, soil, forest etc.<\/p>\n<\/span>Question 2. Explain the tropospheric pollution in 100 words?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nAnswer:<\/strong>\u00a0Tropospheric pollution occurs due to the presence of undesirable substance in air. These may be the solid or gaseous pollutants.<\/p>\n\n- Gaseous Air Pollutants:<\/strong>\u00a0These are oxides of sulphur, nitrogen and carbon, hydrogen sulphide, hydrocarbons, ozone and other oxidants.<\/li>\n
- Particulate Pollutants:<\/strong> These are dust, mist, fumes, and smog etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>Question 3. Carbon monoxide gas is more dangerous than carbon dioxide gas. Why?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nAnswer:<\/strong>\u00a0Carbon monoxide combines with haemoglobin to form a very stable compound known as carboxyhaemoglobin when its concentration in blood reaches 3-4%, the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood is greatly reduced.<\/p>\nThis results into headache, nervousness and sometimes death of the person. On the other hand CO2<\/sub>\u00a0does not combine with haemoglobin and hence is less harmful than CO.<\/p>\n<\/span>Question 4. Which gases are responsible for greenhouse effect? List some of them.<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nAnswer:<\/strong>\u00a0CO2<\/sub> is mainly responsible for greenhouse effect. Other greenhouse gases are methane, nitrous oxide, water vapors, CFCs and Ozone.<\/p>\n<\/span>Question 5. Statues and monuments in India are affected by acid rain. How?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nAnswer:<\/strong> This is mainly due to the large number of industries and power plants in the nearby areas. Acid rain has vapors of sulphuric acid dissolved in it. When it comes in contact with various statues or monuments, the acid reacts chemically with calcium carbonate.
CaCO3<\/sub>\u00a0+ H2<\/sub>SO4\u00a0<\/sub>\u2014\u2014\u2013> CaSO4<\/sub>\u00a0+ H2<\/sub>O + CO2<\/sub><\/p>\n
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