CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2023 For Term 1 & Term 2: CBSE Class 12 Economics lets you know about the present economy and the effects it’s creating. It also covers better plans and policies that can stable different kinds of the economy that are creating a problem and solutions to grow the economy.

To boost your Economics Class 12 Board Exam Preparation, we are providing a complete guide on Term-Wise CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2023. You can easily check the CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus and Download the PDF from the article below.

Download Term Wise CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2023 For Term 1 & Term 2

Students can access the CBSE Economics Syllabus for Class 12 for the academic year 2021-22 by clicking the link provided below.

Download CBSE 12th Economics Syllabus 2023 For Term 1 & Term 2

Term 1 CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus, Course Structure 2023-24 With Marking Scheme

Detailed Term-1 Class 12 CBSE Economics Syllabus 2023-24

Introductory Macroeconomics for Class 12

Syllabus of Economics Class 12 CBSE 2023 Unit 1: National Income and Related Aggregates

• What is Macroeconomics?
• Basic concepts in macroeconomics: consumption goods, capital goods, final goods, intermediate goods; stocks and flows; gross investment, and depreciation.
• Circular flow of income (two-sector model); Methods of calculating National Income - Value Added or Product method, Expenditure method, Income method.
• Aggregates related to National Income:
• Gross National Product (GNP), Net National Product (NNP), Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and Net Domestic Product (NDP) - at market price, at factor cost; Real and Nominal GDP.
• GDP and Welfare

Syllabus of Economics Class 12 CBSE 2023 Unit 2: Money and Banking

• Money - meaning and supply of money - Currency held by the public and net demand deposits held by commercial banks.
• Money creation by the commercial banking system.
• The central bank and its functions (example of the Reserve Bank of India): Bank of Issue, Govt. Bank, Banker's Bank, Control of Credit, through Bank Rate, CRR, SLR, Repo Rate and Reverse Repo Rate, Open Market Operations, Margin requirement.

Syllabus of Economics Class 12 CBSE 2023 Unit 3: Determination of Income and Employment

• Aggregate demand and its components.
• The propensity to consume and propensity to save (average and marginal). Short-run equilibrium output; investment multiplier and its mechanism. Meaning of full employment and involuntary unemployment.
• Problems of excess and deficient demand; measures to correct them - changes in government spending, taxes, and money supply.

Syllabus of Economics Class 12 CBSE 2023 Unit 4: Government Budget and the Economy

• Government budget - meaning, objectives, and components.
• Classification of receipts - revenue receipts and capital receipts; classification of expenditure – revenue expenditure and capital expenditure.
• Measures of government deficit - revenue deficit, fiscal deficit, primary deficit their meaning.

Syllabus of Economics Class 12 CBSE 2023 Unit 5: Balance of Payments

• Balance of payments account - meaning and components;
• Foreign exchange rate - meaning of fixed and flexible rates and managed floating, Determination of exchange rate in a free market.

Term 2 CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus, Course Structure 2023-24 With Marking Scheme

Detailed Term-2 Class 12 CBSE Economics Syllabus 2023-24

Indian Economic Development for Class 12

Economics Syllabus for Class 12 Unit 6: Development Experience (1947-90) and Economic Reforms since 1991:

• A brief introduction of the state of the Indian economy on the eve of independence. Indian economic system and common goals of Five Year Plans.
• Main features, problems, and policies of agriculture (institutional aspects and new agricultural strategy), industry (IPR 1956; SSI – role & importance), and foreign trade.
• Economic Reforms since 1991:
  • Features and appraisals of liberalization, globalization, and privatization (LPG policy); Concepts of demonetization and GST

Economics Syllabus for Class 12 Unit 7: Current challenges facing the Indian Economy

• Poverty- absolute and relative; Main programs for poverty alleviation: A critical assessment;
• Human Capital Formation: How people become resource; Role of human capital in economic development;
• Rural development: Key issues - credit and marketing - the role of cooperatives; agricultural diversification;
• Employment: Growth and changes in the workforce participation rate in formal and informal sectors; problems and policies
• Infrastructure: Meaning and Types: Case Studies: Health: Problems and Policies- A critical assessment;
• Sustainable Economic Development: Meaning, Effects of Economic Development on Resources and Environment, including global warming

Economics Syllabus for Class 12 Unit 8: Development Experience of India:

• A comparison with neighbors India and Pakistan
• India and China
• Issues: economic growth, population, sectoral development, and other Human Development Indicators

CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus Part C: Project 2023 For Term 1 & Term 2

Class 12 Economics Project 2023- Guidelines for Project Work in Economics (XII)

The objectives of the project work are to enable learners to:

• Probe deeper into theoretical concepts learned in classes XI and XII
• Analyze and evaluate real-world economic scenarios using theoretical constructs and arguments
• Demonstrate the learning of economic theory
• Follow-up aspects of economics in which learners have an interest
• Develop the communication skills to argue logically

The expectations of the project work are that:

• learners will complete only ONE project in each academic session
• the project should be 3,500-4,000 words (excluding diagrams & graphs), preferably hand-written
• it will be an independent, self-directed piece of study

Role of the teacher:The teacher plays a critical role in developing the thinking skills of the learners. A teacher should:

• help each learner select the topic based on recently published extracts from the news media, government policies, RBI bulletin, NITI Aayog reports, IMF/World Bank reports, etc., after detailed discussions and deliberations of the topic
• play the role of a facilitator and supervisor to monitor the project work of the learner through periodic discussions
• guide the research work in terms of sources for the relevant data
• educate learners about plagiarism and the importance of quoting the source of the information to ensure the authenticity of research work
• prepare the learner for the presentation of the project work
• arrange a presentation of the project file

Scope of the projectLearners may work on the following lines as a suggested flow chart:

Choose a title/topicCollection of the research material/dataOrganization of material/dataPresent material/dataAnalyzing the material/data for the conclusionDraw the relevant conclusionPresentation of the Project Work

Expected Checklist:

• Introduction of topic/title
• Identifying the causes, consequences, and/or remedies
• Various stakeholders and the effect on each of them
• Advantages and disadvantages of situations or issues identified
• Short-term and long-term implications of economic strategies suggested in the course of research
• Validity, reliability, appropriateness, and relevance of data used for research work and for presentation in the project file
• Presentation and writing that is succinct and coherent in the project file
• Citation of the materials referred to, in the file in footnotes, resources section, bibliography, etc.

Mode of presentation/submission of the Project:

At the end of the stipulated term, each learner will present the research work in the Project File to the External and Internal examiner. The questions should be asked from the Research Work/ Project File of the learner. The Internal Examiner should ensure that the study submitted by the learner is his/her own original work. In case of any doubt, authenticity should be checked and verified.

Marking Scheme :Marks are suggested to be given as –

CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus: Suggestive List of Projects for Class 12

• Micro and Small Scale Industries x Food Supply Channel in India
• The contemporary Employment situation in India x Disinvestment policy of the government
• Goods and Services Tax Act and its Impact on GDP
• Health Expenditure (of any state)
• Human Development Index x Inclusive Growth Strategy
• Self-help group x Trends in Credit availability in India
• Monetary policy committee and its Functions x Role of RBI in Control of Credit
• Government Budget & its Components x Trends in the budgetary condition of India
• Exchange Rate Determination – Methods and Techniques
• Currency War – reasons and Repercussions
• Livestock – Backbone of Rural India x Alternate fuel – types and importance
• Sarwa Siksha Abhiyan – Cost Ratio Benefits x Golden Quadrilateral- Cost ratio benefit
• Minimum Support Prices x Relation between Stock Price Index and Economic Health of Nation
• Waste Management in India – Need of the hour
• Minimum Wage Rate – approach and Application
• Digital India- Step towards the future x Rain Water Harvesting – a solution to water crises
• Vertical Farming – an alternate way x Silk Route- Revival of the Past
• Make in India – The way ahead x Bumper Production- Boon or Bane for the farmer
• Rise of Concrete Jungle- Trend Analysis x Organic Farming – Back to Nature
• Any other newspaper article and its evaluation on the basis of economic principles
• Any other topic

Other Important Links Related To CBSE Class 12 Economics 2023 For Term 1 & Term 2

Here you can check links to various study materials related to the 12th Economics:

• 12th Economics NCERT Solutions
• 12th Economics Sample Papers
• 12th Economics Previous year Papers
• 12th Economics Revision Notes

Download Chapter-Wise NCERT Textbooks For CBSE Class 12 Economics 2023 For Term 1 & Term 2

You can download the complete Chapter-wise NCERT Textbook for Class 12 Economics in Hindi and English Medium from the links below.

• CBSE Commerce Class 12 Microeconomics in English
• CBSE Commerce Class 12 Macroeconomics in English

Download Chapter-Wise Class 12 NCERT Textbooks PDF for Economics For Hindi Medium

Here we are providing the chapter-wise NCERT Class 12 Economics Textbooks PDF. You can read it online or download it easily.

• CBSE Commerce Class 12 Microeconomics in Hindi
• CBSE Commerce Class 12 Macroeconomics in Hindi

We have covered the detailed guide on Revised CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2023 For Term 1 & Term 2. Feel free to ask any questions in the comment section below.

FAQs- CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2023 For Term 1 & Term 2

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